Ko te Ethylene glycol (EG), he matū matua i roto i te hanga polyester, ngā whakatakotoranga ārai huka, me ngā kapia ahumahi, kei te kite i ngā whanaketanga whakarerekētanga e akiakihia ana e ngā whakaritenga pumau me ngā whanaketanga hangarau. Ko ngā auahatanga hou i roto i ngā tikanga whakaputa, ngā whakahoutanga ture, me ngā tono hou kei te huri i tōna tūranga i roto i te rāngai matū o te ao.
1. Ngā Huarahi Hou o te Hanganga Kakariki
Ko te whanaketanga o te hangarau whakawhiti whakakorikori ko te hurihanga o te hanga ethylene glycol. Kua whakawhanakehia e ngā kairangahau i Āhia tētahi whakakorikori hou e ahu mai ana i te parahi e huri tika ana i ngā syngas (he ranunga o te hauwai me te hauota waro) ki te ethylene glycol me te 95% te whiriwhiringa, me te karo i ngā takawaenga ethylene oxide tuku iho. Ka whakaitihia e tēnei tikanga te whakapaunga pūngao mā te 30%, ā, ka tapahia ngā tukunga CO₂ mā te 1.2 tana mō ia tana o te EG e whakaputaina ana.
Ko te tukanga, kei te whakamātautauhia inaianei, e hangai ana ki ngā whāinga whakakore waro o te ao, ā, ka taea e ia te whakararuraru i ngā huarahi whakaputa tuku iho e whakawhirinaki ana ki ngā pūmua. Mēnā ka whakawhanuitia, ka taea pea e ngā tipu ethylene glycol te whakauru pai ki ngā pūnaha hopu waro, ka whakanoho i a EG hei "matū matomato" pea i roto i ngā mekameka tuku porowhita.
2. Ka whiwhi te Ethylene Glycol i te mana o te koiora
I waenganui i te pikinga o te hiahia mō ngā rauemi tauwhiro, kei te puta ake te ethylene glycol koiora i ahu mai i te tō, i te māngaro kānga rānei hei huarahi kē atu. Nā tētahi kaupapa mahi tahi tata nei i Amerika ki te Tonga i whakaatu te whaihua o te whakapūkara i ngā para ahuwhenua ki te monoethylene glycol (MEG) me te tapuwae waro 40% iti iho i ngā mea rite i ahu mai i te hinu.
Ko te umanga kakahu, he kaihoko nui o te EG, kei te whakamātautau i te bio-MEG i roto i te hanga muka polyester, me ngā hua wawe e whakaatu ana i te kaha kume me te kaha tae rite tonu. Ko ngā kaupapa whakatenatena ture, pērā i te Kaupapa Waro Whakahou a te EU, kei te tere ake te whakauru, ahakoa kei te mau tonu ngā wero e pā ana ki te tauine rauemi kai me te ōritetanga utu.
3. Te Arotakenga Ture mō te Whakamahi Anō i ngā Paraihe EG
Nā te tipu haere o ngā āwangawanga mō te pumau o te ethylene glycol ki te taiao, kua kaha ake ngā ture. I te marama o Oketopa 2023, i whakaarohia e te US EPA ngā aratohu hou mō ngā tukunga waipara kei roto he EG, me te whakahau kia whakaitihia e ngā tukanga waikura matatau ngā glycol toenga i raro i te 50 ppm. I te wā kotahi, kei te tuhi te Kotahitanga o Europi i tētahi whakahounga ki tana anga Rēhita, Aromatawai, Whakamanatanga, me te Herenga o ngā Matū (REACH), me te whakahau kia tukuna e ngā kaihanga ngā raraunga paitini mō ngā hua taha EG i te tau 2025.
Ko te whāinga o ēnei mahi he aro atu ki ngā mōrearea ā-taiao, inā koa i roto i ngā pūnaha rauropi wai, ina koa kua honoa te kohi o te EG ki te whakahekenga o te hāora i roto i ngā wai.
4. Ngā Whakamahinga Hou i roto i te Rokiroki Pūngao
Kei te kitea te whai huatanga ohorere o te ethylene glycol i roto i ngā pūnaha rokiroki pūngao o te whakatupuranga e whai ake nei. Kua hangaia e tētahi rōpū rangahau i Ūropi he whakamatao pākahiko kore-mura mā te whakamahi i te ranunga wai-EG kua whakarerekētia, hei whakarei ake i te whakahaere wera i roto i ngā pākahiko lithium-ion mā te 25%. Ko te hanganga, e mahi pai ana i te -40°C ki te 150°C, kei te whakamatautauria i roto i ngā tauira waka hiko me ngā waeine rokiroki tauine-pūnaha.
Hei tāpiritanga, kei te piki haere te aro ki ngā rauemi huringa-āhuatanga (PCM) e hangai ana ki te EG mō te rokiroki pūngao wera o te rā, ā, i ngā whakamātautau tata nei i eke ki te 92% te pai o te pupuri pūngao i roto i te 500 huringa.
5. Te Manawanui o te Mekameka Tuku me ngā Huringa Rohe
Nā ngā taupatupatu ā-rohe me ngā arai whakahaere i akiaki i te whakarōpūtanga o te hanga ethylene glycol ki ngā rohe. Kei te whakamahia e ngā whare hou i te Middle East me te Tonga-mā-rāwhiti o Āhia ngā waeine whakaputa iti ake, kua arotauhia mō te wātea o ngā rauemi kai ā-rohe, me te whakaiti i te whakawhirinaki ki ngā tipu nui kua pokapūhia. Ka tautokona tēnei nekehanga e ngā pūnaha whakahaere rawa e whakahaerehia ana e te AI e whakaiti ana i te para EG i ngā rāngai o raro pērā i te hanga pounamu PET.
Whakamutunga: He Whanaketanga Maha-āhua
Kei te tū te rāngai ethylene glycol i tētahi huarahi whakawhitiwhiti, e whakataurite ana i tōna whai huatanga ahumahi kua whakapūmautia me ngā tono pumau tere. Ko ngā auahatanga i roto i te hanga matomato, ngā huarahi kē atu e ahu mai ana i te koiora, me ngā tono ōhanga porowhita kei te tautuhi anō i tōna mekameka uara, i te mea ko ngā ture pakari ake e whakaatu ana i te hiahia mō ngā mahi e tika ana mō te taiao. I te mea e tahuri ana te umanga matū ki te tango waro, ko te urutau o te ethylene glycol ka whakatau i tōna hiranga i roto i tētahi mākete e tere whanake ana.
Wā tuku: Paenga-whāwhā-07-2025