Mai i te tīmatanga o te Pakanga i waenganui i a Rūhia me Ukraine, kua pāngia a Ūropi e te raruraru pūngao. Kua piki tere te utu o te hinu me te hau māori, ā, kua piki ake te utu whakaputa o ngā rauemi mata matū e pā ana ki te hekenga o te whenua.
Ahakoa te kore o ngā painga rauemi, e 18 ōrau tonu o ngā hoko matū o te ao (tata ki te 4.4 trillion yuan) kei roto i te umanga matū o Ūropi, ko te tuarua tēnei i muri i a Āhia, ā, koinei te kāinga o BASF, te kaihanga matū nui rawa atu o te ao.
Ina mōrearea te tuku matū o te awa whakarunga, ka piki tere ngā utu a ngā kamupene matū o Ūropi. Ka whakawhirinaki a Haina, Amerika Te Raki, Te Waenganui Rawhiti me ētahi atu whenua ki ā rātou ake rauemi, ā, kāore i te tino pāngia.
Mō te wā poto, tera pea ka noho teitei tonu ngā utu pūngao o Ūropi, engari ka whai painga utu pai ngā kamupene matū Hainamana i te mea ka pai haere te mate urutā i Haina.
Nā, mō ngā umanga matū Hainamana, ko ēhea matū ka whakatuwhera i ngā whai wāhitanga?
MDI: Kua whānui ake te rerekētanga utu ki te 1000 CNY/MT
Ka whakamahia e ngā umanga MDI katoa te tukanga kotahi, arā, te tukanga phosgene āhua wai, engari ka taea te whakaputa i ētahi hua takawaenga mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga upoko waro me ngā tukanga upoko hau e rua. Mō ngā pūtake o te CO, te methanol me te haukini hangai, ko Haina te nuinga e whakamahi ana i te hanga matū waro, ko Ūropi me te Hononga o Amerika te nuinga e whakamahi ana i te hanga hau māori.
I tēnei wā, ko te kaha MDI o Haina e 41% o te kaha katoa o te ao, ko Ūropi ia e 27%. I te mutunga o Pēpuere, kua piki ake te utu mō te whakaputa MDI me te hau māori hei rauemi mata i Ūropi mā te tata ki te 2000 CNY/MT, ā, i te mutunga o Poutū-te-rangi, kua piki ake te utu mō te whakaputa MDI me te waro hei rauemi mata mā te tata ki te 1000 CNY/MT. Ko te rerekētanga utu he tata ki te 1000 CNY/MT.
E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga pūtake neke atu i te 50% o ngā kaweake MDI polymerized a Haina, tae atu ki te tapeke o ngā kaweake i te tau 2021 tae atu ki te 1.01 miriona MT, he tipu tau-ki-te-tau o te 65%. He taonga hokohoko ā-ao te MDI, ā, he hononga tata te utu o te ao. E matapaetia ana ka whakarei ake te whakataetae kaweake me te utu o ngā hua Haina i te utu nui ki tāwāhi.
TDI: Kua whānui ake te rerekētanga utu ki te 1500 CNY/MT
Pērā i te MDI, ka whakamahia e ngā umanga TDI o te ao te tukanga phosgene, ā, ko te tikanga ka whakamahia te tukanga phosgene wāhanga wai, engari ka taea te whakaputa i ētahi hua takawaenga mā te whakamahi i ngā tukanga e rua o te upoko waro me te upoko hau.
I te mutunga o Pēpuere, kua piki ake te utu mō te whakaputa MDI me te hau māori hei rauemi mata i Ūropi mā te 2,500 CNY/MT, ā, i te mutunga o Poutū-te-rangi, kua piki ake te utu mō te whakaputa MDI me te waro hei rauemi mata mā te tata ki te 1,000 CNY/MT. Kua whānui haere te rerekētanga utu ki te 1500 CNY/MT.
I tēnei wā, ko te kaha TDI o Haina e 40% o te kaha katoa o te ao, ā, ko Ūropi e 26%. Nō reira, ko te pikinga nui o te utu o te hau māori i Ūropi ka arahi pea ki te pikinga o te utu hanga TDI mā te 6500 CNY/MT.
Ko Haina te whenua matua e kaweake ana i te TDI i te ao whānui. E ai ki ngā raraunga a te tari taake, e 30% te nui o ngā TDI e kaweake ana e Haina.
He hua hokohoko ā-ao anō hoki a TDI, ā, he hononga tata tonu ngā utu o te ao. E matapaetia ana ka whakarei ake te whakataetae kaweake me te utu o ngā hua Haina i ngā utu teitei ki tāwāhi.
Waikawa Formic: Mahi kaha, utu rua.
Ko te waikawa formic tētahi o ngā matū tino kaha i tēnei tau, kua piki ake i te 4,400 CNY/MT i te tīmatanga o te tau ki te 9,600 CNY/MT i ēnei rā tata nei. Ko te nuinga o te hanga waikawa formic ka tīmata mai i te whakapūngao waro o te methanol ki te methyl formate, kātahi ka waikura ki te waikawa formic. I te mea kei te rere tonu te methanol i roto i te tukanga tauhohenga, ko te rauemi mata o te waikawa formic ko te syngas.
I tēnei wā, e 57% me te 34% o te kaha whakaputa waikawa formic o te ao ko Haina me Ūropi, ā, e neke atu i te 60% ngā kaweake ā-rohe. I te marama o Pēpuere, i heke te whakaputanga waikawa formic ā-rohe, ā, i piki tere te utu.
Ko te kaha o te utu o te waikawa formic ahakoa te ngoikore o te tono, ko te nuinga o te wā nā ngā raruraru tuku i Haina me tāwāhi, ko te pūtake o ēnei ko te raruraru hau o tāwāhi, me te mea nui ake, ko te whakahekenga o te hanga hinu i Haina.
Hei tāpiritanga, he pai hoki te whakataetae o ngā hua o muri mai o te umanga matū waro. Ko te nuinga o ngā hua matū waro he methanol me te haukini hangai, ka taea te whakawhānui atu ki te waikawa acetic, te ethylene glycol, te olefin me te urea.
E ai ki te tātaitanga, ko te painga utu o te tukanga hanga waro methanol neke atu i te 3000 CNY/MT; ko te painga utu o te tukanga hanga waro urea tata ki te 1700 CNY/MT; ko te painga utu o te tukanga hanga waro waikawa acetic tata ki te 1800 CNY/MT; kua kore rawa te ngoikoretanga utu o te ethylene glycol me te olefin i roto i te hanga waro.
Wā tuku: Oketopa-19-2022