I roto i te tukanga o te umanga hinu me te matū o tōku whenua, mai i te hanga nui ki te hanga kounga teitei, kua puta ake ngā hua auaha i roto i te mara o ngā rauemi hou me ngā reiti urunga iti me ngā umanga ā-rohe iti, ā, he mea whakahihiri te āhua o ngā rauemi hou pēnei i ngā kirihou pirau-ora me ētahi atu rauemi hou, arā, ngā muka waro, me te muka waro. I te huihuinga whakawhiti mahi rangahau pūtaiao me te taunga o te 6 o ngā umanga kura me te Haina Petroleum and Chemical Industry Federation i tū ki Shanghai i te 20 o Paenga-whāwhā, i tirotirohia e Luo Qiming, te tumuaki tuarua o te Tari Pūtaiao me te Hangarau me ngā Taputapu o te Petrochemical Federation, ngā taonga me ngā taonga.
Kua puta ngā whanaketanga nui o ngā rauemi mata rauropi matua
He rauemi mata nui te Adiponitrile mō te nairona 66, he uaua ki te whakaputa hangarau. Tae noa ki tēnei wā, ko Invista te rangatira o te mākete hua. I ngā tau tata nei, nā te tere o te whanaketanga o te muka matū, ngā kirihou hangarau me ētahi atu mara, kua whānui ake te mara tono o te nairona 66, he maha ngā umanga ā-rohe kua angitu i roto i te rangahau me te whanaketanga me te ahumahi o te adiponitrile, kua tīmata ngā kaupapa adiponitrile.
I whakaurua e Luo Qiming e rua ngā huarahi hangarau matua i roto i te rangahau me te whakawhanaketanga o te adipdinitrile ā-rohe, arā, te tikanga waikawa adipdinic me te tikanga butadiene.
Kei te hanga a Chongqing Huafeng Group i tētahi tipu adipdinitrile 200,000-tāne te taumaha, i runga i te tipu adipdinitrile 100,000-tāne te taumaha, ka oti i te tau 2020 mā te whakamahi i te tukanga waikawa adipdinic.
Ko te tukanga butadiene anō hoki te hangarau e whakamahia ana e Invista, he pai ngā painga o te huarahi tukanga poto, te utu iti o ngā rauemi mata, me te kounga hua pai. Whai muri i ngā tau maha o te rangahau me te whanaketanga, kua whakatuwherahia hoki e te China Chemical Tianchen Qixiang New Materials Co., LTD., te mekameka ahumahi katoa mā te whakamahi i te hangarau hydrocyanidation tika butadiene mō te hanga taputapu adiponitrile 200,000 tana/tau.
E ai ki te kairīpoata, ko ēhea hea o te hanganga o te kaupapa adipdinitrile tikanga butadiene 50 tana/tau ka tīmatahia hoki i te mutunga o tēnei tau.
Te whakawhanaungatanga o ngā momo polyolefin kounga teitei
"Ko te tukanga polyethylene hau-wai me te tukanga polypropylene ngongo, he mana pupuri mana hinengaro motuhake, kua hangaia i roto i tō tātou whenua. "Ko ngā hua polyolefin kounga teitei pēnei i te POE me te UHMWPE (ultra high molecular mass polyethylene) ka pēhi i te 'pātene whakatere' mō te whakaputa," te kī a Luo Qiming i tana kōrero mō te whanaketanga o ngā momo polyolefin kounga teitei.
Ko te POE tētahi o ngā rauemi iti rawa te mātotoru i roto i ngā rauemi hangai, ā, he rauemi matua mō te whakarite i tētahi whakatupuranga hou o te kiriata photovoltaic. Ko Sinopec, i tīmata ki te tūhura i te hangarau ahumahi POE i te 20 tau ki muri, kei te hauhake i ngā painga inaianei. I rongo te kairīpoata i te 35 o ngā Whakaaturanga Rapa me te Kirihou o Haina i mutu noa nei, i tukuna e Sinopec he raupapa hua hou tae atu ki te POE elastomer, ko Sinopec te kaiwhakarato pateni hangarau ā-rohe tuatahi me te huinga katoa o ngā mana pupuri hinengaro motuhake POE.
I taua wā anō, kei a Wanhua Chemical me ētahi atu ngā tikanga mō te ahumahi o te POE. E whakaatu ana ngā raraunga, tae noa ki te marama o Poutū-te-rangi 2023, kua eke te kaha whakaputa ā-rohe e whakamaheretia ana kia hangaia i Haina ki te 2.1 miriona tana. I roto i ngā tau 2 ki te 3 e whai ake nei, kua tata tōku whenua ki te whakatū i te pikinga o te whakaputanga o te POE.
Nā te pai o te mahi a ngā kamupene matū me te pūngao o te UHMWPE i ngā tau tata nei, kua nui ake te aro o ngā kamupene matū me te pūngao ki te UHMWPE. E ai ki te kairīpoata, mai i te Hūrae 2022, kua uru atu a Daqing Petrochemical, Jiangsu Sturbang, me te Shanghai Chemical Research Institute ki te umanga UHMWPE i roto i te ahua o te whakaputanga hou, te whakawhānui rānei i te pūngao. I roto i ēnei, ko te ahunga o te hua a Daqing Petrochemical ko te diaphragm pākahiko lithium. Ko te ahunga hua o te whakaurunga 20,000 tana/tau ki Jiangsu Serbon e ahu mai ana hoki i te diaphragm pākahiko lithium me te rauemi muka. Ko ngā rauemi muka, te rauemi diaphragm pākahiko lithium me te kapia hurihuri rewa ngā mea matua.
I te marama o Poutū-te-rangi kua taha ake nei, i tīmata te hanga o te taputapu UHMWPE o te ngongo mowhiti tūmau 30,000-tana o te Shanghai Chemical Research Institute, he tohu tēnei kua tutuki i tōku whenua ngā whanaketanga nui i roto i te mahi toi me te hangarau tuatahi o te ao. Ko te muka teitei me te pākahiko lithium e whakarato ana i te kapia taketake.
Te hangarau rauemi pirau-ārahi
Mā te whakatinanatanga o te here i te tikanga kirihou ka tāpirihia he "ahi" mō te whanaketanga me te hanga rauemi pirau-koiora. E ai ki a Luo Qiming, kua matatau tōku whenua ki te waikawa polycolic (PGA), te polynxyl-bonol (PBS), te waikawa polyphonal-hexyl-bonol (PBAT), te polystumin (PLA), te Polybon (PCL), te Polycarbonate (PPC), te Polycroxy Fatty acid ester (PHA) me ētahi atu hangarau whakaputa ahumahi, e kapi ana i te kāwai matua o te kirihou pirau-koiora, ā, kua hangaia ngā momo kirihou pirau-koiora o te ao. He pūnaha ahumahi katoa.
Ko te PLA te rauemi tino pirau mō te rangahau me te tono i tēnei wā. Kua puta ngā whanaketanga hangarau matua ki Haina, ā, ka taea te whakataetae ki ngā hua kawemai. Hei tāpiri, he maha ngā momo hou o te kapia pirau mō te wā tuatahi i tōku whenua, pērā i te PGA, te polytic benzonite dilate (PBST), me te rapa polyester pirau tuatahi i tōku whenua Essence
E ai ki ngā kairīpoata, kua whakatūria e te Kamupene Dong Geng o Shanghai tētahi hangarau motuhake i runga i te huarahi PGA ture o ngā whakatuwheratanga ethyl ester, ka taea te whiwhi i tētahi PGA tohu hauora; ka pakaru te Pokapū Rangahau Rauemi Tinana Āhua Matatau o te Whare Wānanga o te Hangarau Matū o Beijing i roto i te papatipu ngota ngota teitei-whakatairanga o te rapa polymer kanorau. Kua whakawhanakehia e te tukanga whakaputa tonu he papa koiora hei whakaheke i ngā rauemi rapa polyester me te whakaoti i te whakamātautau whakamātautau o ngā mano tāne.
Ka whakakīia te āputa e te tukanga hou o te rapa hangai
He kaupapa wera te whakarerekētanga mahi o te rapa polystyrene butadiene rewa i roto i te mara o te rapa polystyrene butadiene rewa, ka taea te whakapai ake i ngā āhuatanga o ngā hua rapa, engari kāore anō kia whakarewahia he hua ahumahi i Haina. I te marama o Mei 2021, i whakawhanakehia ngātahitia e Petrochina, Te Whare Wānanga o Tongji me Te Whare Wānanga Hangarau o Dalian te hangarau hanga rapa polystyrene butadiene rewa mahi, ā, i oti i a rātou te huinga tuatahi o te taputapu rapa polystyrene butadiene rewa mahi i Dushanzi Petrochemical i Haina. Kua whakamahia te hua ki te rapa taiariki matomato.
Ko te rapa neoprene tētahi o ngā rauemi rautaki nui i roto i te ōhanga ā-motu me te umanga ārai ā-motu. Engari he uaua te tukanga hanga butadiene o te rapa neoprene, he uaua hoki te hangarau taputapu matua. Kua pakaruhia e Jinjiao Hi-tech (Shanghai) Co., LTD., tēnei "wheua mārō", kua whakawhanakehia he tukanga hou o te rapa neoprene butadiene, ā, kua oti i a ia te whakamātautau whakamātautau. "Ki te whakaritea ki tā mātou tukanga konupūmā carbide tuku iho, ka taea e te tukanga te whakatutuki i te taumata whānui o te utu whakaputa me te kounga hua," te kī a Luo Qiming.
He mea nui ngā āhuatanga o ngā kirihou hangarau me ngā muka motuhake
Ko te muka waro, e mōhiotia ana ko te "Kīngi o ngā Rauemi Hou", he rauemi rautaki hou e tika ana mō te ōhanga o te motu me te hanganga parepare o te motu. Kua riro tōku whenua hei tuatoru o ngā whenua he hangarau muka waro mahi-teitei i muri i a Hapani me te Hononga o Amerika. "Kua eke te muka waro taumata-T300 o tōku whenua ki te taumata o ngā hua o tāwāhi; kua eke te muka waro taumata-T700 me te taumata-T800 ki te whakaputa ahumahi; kua puta ngā hangarau matua muka waro taumata-T1000 me te taumata-M55J ki ngā whanaketanga hangarau matua, ā, kua tīmata rātou ki te whakaputa," te kī a Luo Qiming.
He whānui ngā tono o te muka polytamide kaha-teitei i roto i ngā mara mahi-teitei pēnei i te rererangi, te ātea, te hikohiko, me te tiaki. Kua whakawhanakehia e te Whare Wānanga Hangarau Matū o Beijing te hangarau whakaputa muka polytamide kaha-teitei, e whakamahi ana i tēnei hangarau hei hanga i te raina whakaputa muka polytamide kaha-teitei tuatahi i te kāinga me tāwāhi, ā, ka hangaia he raupapa hua.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko te phenolic polyford polyford etherone ketone i whakawhanakehia e te Dalian University of Science and Technology me te Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian chemicals te tuatahi o te ao, ā, kua hangaia ngā taputapu ahumahi katoa.
Ka tere ake te whanaketanga o ngā matū hiko
Nā te tere o te aranga ake o te umanga pūngao hou kua puta he whai wāhitanga whanaketanga mō ngā matū hiko, ā, kua tere te whanaketanga o te hangarau matū hiko nā te whakataetae o ngā umanga ā-rohe maha.
I ngā tau tata nei, kua nui rawa te kaha o te phosphate kounga ahumahi me te kounga kai o tōku whenua, engari ko ngā rauemi matua mō te hanga maramara pēnei i te phosphate taumata hiko tino parakore kua whakawhirinaki katoa ki ngā kawemai. I muri i te neke atu i te 10 tau o ngā mahi uaua, kua eke te phosphate hiko tino parakore a te Rōpū Xingfa ki te taumata parakore o te phosphate mai i te "3 9" ki te "9 9".
Ko te waikawa hauwaiwai hiko-papa te mea e whakamahia ana mō te horoi me te waikura o ngā ara iahiko whakauru me ngā maramara ara iahiko whakauru nui. I uru mana tetahi o ngā kaiārahi matū hiko ā-rohe ki te pūnaha kaiwhakarato whai tohu TSMC i te marama o Mei 2022, ā, ka tīmata ki te tirotiro. Tukunga puranga o ngā rauemi matū hiko-parakore teitei, ko te nuinga he waikawa hauwaiwai i roto i te taumata-haurua-ira.
Hei tāpiritanga, ko ētahi matū hiko mākū i whakawhanakehia, i hangaia hoki e Suzhou Jingrui, pērā i te hauwai peroxide me te waikawa whanariki, te Hau Haohua, te hauota trifluoride o te Sinoship 718 Institute, te hau chlorine parakore teitei me te hauwai chloride o te hau Taihe, te hau motuhake o mua o Jiangsu Jacque, te papa whakakanapa o Hubei Dinglong me ētahi atu matū hiko kua tutuki hoki i ngā whakaritenga o te hanga maramara tukatuka matatau.
"Ko te whanaketanga o te argon fluoride photoresist mō ngā maramara tukatuka matatau, koinei te mea tino uaua, he wero tonu." I kī a Luo Qiming ahakoa he maha ngā waeine ā-rohe mai i te monomer resin, te photoinitiator, te whakarewa ki te photoresist hei aro atu ki te mekameka ahumahi katoa, engari i tēnei wā he wāhanga noa iho o ngā hua kua uru ki te whakamātautau hinonga o raro.
Wā tuku: Mei-08-2023