Waikawa oxalicHe matū rauropi. Ko te āhua matū ko H₂C₂O₄. He hua pākia o ngā rauropi. He waikawa ngoikore e rua ngā wāhanga. He whānui te horapa i roto i ngā tinana tipu, kararehe, me te harore. He maha ngā mahi a ia i roto i ngā rauropi ora rerekē. Nō reira, e kiia ana te waikawa oxalic he hoariri mō te mimiti me te whakamahi i ngā huānga kohuke. Ko tōna anhydride ko te waro trioxide.
Ngā Āhuatanga:He pepa monoclinic kore tae, he karaihe prismatic rānei, he paura ma rānei, kāore he kakara waikawa oxalic mā te waikura, he reka waikawa oxalic mā te hanga. Ka whakangawaritia i te 150 ~ 160 ℃. Ka taea te whakaweto i te hau wera maroke. Ka wairewa te 1 karamu ki te 7mL wai, 2mL wai kohua, 2.5mL etanoru, 1.8mL etanoru kohua, 100mL etera, 5.5mL kareihana, ā, kāore e wairewa ki te benzene, te chloroform me te etera hinu. Ko te pH o te 0.1mol/L otinga he 1.3. Ko te kiato whanaunga (wai = 1) he 1.653. Ko te ira rewa 189.5 ℃.
Ngā āhuatanga matū:Ko te waikawa oxalic, e mōhiotia ana ko te waikawa glycolic, e kitea whānuitia ana i roto i ngā kai tipu. Ko te waikawa oxalic he tioata poutū kore tae, e wairewa ana i roto i te wai, kaua i roto i ngā whakarewa rauropi pērā i te ether,
He kaha te pānga taunga o te oxalate, ā, he momo kaitāpiri whakarewa anō hoki i roto i ngā kai tipu. Ina honoa te waikawa oxalic ki ētahi huānga konganuku whenua kawakore, ka tino heke tōna wairewatanga, pērā i te mea kāore e wairewa te konupūmā oxalate i roto i te wai. Nō reira, he nui te pānga o te waikawa oxalic ki te waatea o ngā kohuke nui; Ina honoa te waikawa oxalic ki ētahi huānga konganuku whakawhiti, ka puta he matatini wairewa nā te mahi taunga o te waikawa oxalic, ā, ka tino piki ake tōna wairewatanga.
Ka tīmata te waikawa oxalic ki te whakapūmau i te 100℃, ka tere te whakapūmau i te 125℃, ā, ka tino whakapūmau i te 157℃, kātahi ka tīmata te pirau.
Ka taea te tauhohe ki te kawakore, ka taea te whakaputa i te esterification, te acyl halogenation, me te amide. Ka taea hoki te puta o ngā tauhohenga whakaiti, me ngā tauhohenga decarboxylation i raro i te wera. He hygroscopic te waikawa oxalic anhydrous. Ka hangaia e te waikawa oxalic ngā matatini wairewa-wai me te maha o ngā konganuku.
Te oxalate noa:1, Konutai ōkawa; 2, Pāhare pākawa; 3, Konupūmā ōkawa; 4, Ferrous ōkawa; 5, Antimony ōkawa; 6, Ammonium hauwai ōkawa; 7, Magnesium ōkawa 8, Ritiumu ōkawa.
Taupānga:
1. Kaihoko whakauaua, kaihoko huna, kaihoko whakapūmau, kaihoko whakaiti. E whakamahia ana mō te whakatau i te beryllium, te konupūmā, te chromium, te koura, te manganese, te strontium, te thorium me ētahi atu iona konganuku. Tātari pikocrystal mō te konutai me ētahi atu huānga. Whakapūmau i te konupūmā, te konupūmā, te thorium me ngā huānga whenua onge. Otinga paerewa mō te whakatikatika i ngā otinga pāhare pākawa me te waikawa cerous sulfate. Mā. Āwhina tae. Ka taea hoki te whakamahi hei tango i te waikura i runga i ngā kākahu i roto i te umanga hanga whare i mua i te paraihe i te paninga pakitara o waho, nā te mea he kaha te kawakore o te pakitara, me paraihe tuatahi ki te waikawa oxalic alkali.
2. Te umanga rongoā e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga o te aureomycin, oxytetracycline, streptomycin, borneol, huaora B12, phenobarbital me ētahi atu rongoā. Te umanga tā me te tae e whakamahia ana hei āwhina tae, hei whakamā, hei takawaenga hauora. Te umanga kirihou mō te hanga PVC, ngā kirihou amino, ngā kirihou urea – formaldehyde.
3. Whakamahia hei whakakorikori mō te hanga kapia phenolic, he ngawari te tauhohenga whakakorikori, he pumau te tukanga, ā, ko te roa te roa. Ka taea e te otinga acetone oxalate te whakakorikori i te tauhohenga whakamaroke o te kapia epoxy me te whakapoto i te wā whakamaroke. Ka whakamahia hoki hei kapia urea formaldehyde hangai, hei kaiwhakahaere pH kapia melamine formaldehyde. Ka taea hoki te tāpiri ki te piripiri wai-rewa polyvinyl formaldehyde hei whakapai ake i te tere maroke me te kaha piri. Ka whakamahia hoki hei kaihoko whakamaroke kapia urea formaldehyde, hei kaihoko whakakorikori ion whakarewa. Ka taea te whakamahi hei whakateretere mō te whakarite piripiri māngaro me te KMnO4 oxidant hei whakateretere i te tere waikura me te whakapoto i te wā tauhohenga.
Hei kaiwhakamā:
Ko te waikawa oxalic te nuinga e whakamahia ana hei whakaiti me te horoi, e whakamahia ana i roto i te hanga paturopi me te borneol me ētahi atu rongoā, tae atu ki te whakamahine i te whakarewa konganuku onge, te whakaiti tae, te tanning agent, me ētahi atu.
Ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te waikawa oxalic i roto i te hanga o ngā whakakorikori cobalt-molybdenum-konumohe, te horoi i ngā konganuku me ngā māpere, me te whakamā i ngā kakahu.
Whakamahia mō te horoi me te maimoatanga mata whakarewa, te tango huānga whenua onge, te tā me te tae kakahu, te tukatuka hiako, te whakarite whakakorikori, me ētahi atu.
Hei kaiwhakaiti:
I roto i te umanga hanga matū waro, e whakamahia ana te nuinga ki te hanga hydroquinone, pentaerythritol, cobalt oxalate, nickel oxalate, waikawa gallic me ētahi atu hua matū.
Te umanga kirihou mō te hanga PVC, ngā kirihou amino, ngā kirihou urea-formaldehyde, te peita, me ētahi atu.
E whakamahia ana te umanga tae hei hanga tae matomato taketake, me ētahi atu.
Ka taea e te umanga tā me te tae te whakakapi i te waikawa acetic, ka whakamahia hei tae tae tae, hei kaihoko whakama.
Te umanga rongoā mō te hanga aureomycin, tetracycline, streptomycin, ephedrine.
Hei tāpiritanga, ka taea hoki te whakamahi i te waikawa oxalic i roto i te hanga o ngā momo hua oxalate ester, oxalate me te oxalamide, ā, ko te diethyl oxalate, te sodium oxalate, te calcium oxalate me ētahi atu hua ko ngā mea tino whai hua.
Tikanga rokiroki:
1. Hiritia ki te wāhi maroke, hauhautanga hoki. Ārai rawa i te makuku, te wai, me te rā. Kaua te pāmahana rokiroki e neke ake i te 40°C.
2. Puritia kia matara atu i ngā waikura me ngā matū kawakore. Whakamahia ngā putea whatu polypropylene kua whakakikoruatia ki ngā putea kirihou, 25kg/pēke.
I te nuinga o te wā, he matū maha ngā whakamahinga o te waikawa oxalic, he maha ngā whakamahinga i roto i ngā momo ahumahi. Nā ōna āhuatanga he mea pai mō te horoi, te whakamahine me te whakama, ā, he maha ngā whakamahinga i roto i ngā ahumahi kakahu, māra me te mahi whakarewa. Heoi anō, me whai i ngā whakatūpato haumaru i te wā e whakamahi ana i tēnei matū, he paitini, ā, ka kino pea mēnā kāore e tika te whakahaere.
Wā tuku: Mei-30-2023