I te tau 2022, i pāngia e ngā āhuatanga pēnei i te mate urutā ā-rohe me te pikinga o ngā utu o tāwāhi, te hiahia matū mō te pēhanga poto, ā, kua heke te pēhanga o ngā taonga a ngā kaihanga ā-rohe i te wā poto. I taua wā anō, nā te pōrearea o te āhuatanga o te ao i pana te whakahaere taumata-teitei o ngā utu pūngao nui, i puta ai he pēhanga ki te pito utu o runga. He rerekētanga mārama. Kua whakatauhia ētahi rauemi, ā, kua kitea i roto i ngā tau e rua kua pahure ake nei, kua piki ake ngā utu o ētahi hua mā te 700%, ā, kua whānui haere tonu te wāhi mākete. I te titiro whakamua ki te tau 2023, kei hea te whai wāhitanga?
Te 700% i roto i ngā tau e rua, kua whakaritea ngā ota rauemi mata mō te tau e whai ake nei
RitiumaHydroxide: he maha ngā kaihanga o raro i hoko mai
I raro i te āhua o te mākete o te iti o te tono me te tuku, i hokona nuitia te lithium hydroxide e ngā kaihanga o muri mai.
I pānuitia e Yahua Group kua hainatia e te apiti katoa o te kamupene, a Yahua Lithium (Ya'an) me Aisi Kai New Energy (Shanghai) o SK, tētahi kirimana tuku lithium hydroxide taumata-pūhiko. Ka whakarite a Ya'an Lithium mai i te tau 2023 ki te 2025, ka whakaratohia e rātou ngā hua mai i Aisi, me te tapeke o te tuku o te 20,000 ki te 30,000 tana.
Kua hainatia hoki e Aiscai te "Kirimana Hoko (2023-2025)" me Tianyi Lithium me Sichuan Tianhua ki te hoko i ngā hua lithium hydroxide kounga pākahiko ki a Aiskai mai i te tau 2023, e whakarato ana te kirimana i te tuku ōrite i ia marama me ngā tuku ā-tau kāore e neke atu i te tapeke i whakaaetia i roto i te kirimana (i roto i te ±10%).
Haunga ngā kamupene pākahiko, kei te whakataetae hoki ngā kamupene motuka mō te hauwai hauwai lithium. I whakapuaki a Mercedes-Benz i tētahi whakaaetanga ki a Rock Tech Lithium o Kanata-Tiamana. I te toharite, ka hokona e te kamupene tuatahi he 10,000 tana o te hauwai hauwai lithium kounga-pūhiko mai i te kamupene tuarua i ia tau, me te tauine tauwhitinga o te 1.5 piriona euros. Kua hainatia e GM me te Kamupene Hangarau Lithium LIVENT he whakaaetanga mō ngā tau maha hei whakarite kia ko ngā rauemi mata matua mō te hanga pākahiko waka hiko. I roto i ēnei, ka tukuna e Livent te hauwai hauwai lithium kounga-pūhiko ki a General Motors i roto i ngā tau e 6 mai i te tau 2025.
Mai i te tirohanga o ngā raraunga mākete, me te ahunga whakamua o nāianei o ngā rauemi lithium o runga, te hanganga o ngā umanga tukatuka tote lithium, me te whānui ake o ngā umanga pūngao hou o raro, kei te taurite tonu te tuku me te tono o te lithium hydroxide, ā, e matapaetia ana ka haere tonu tae noa ki te tau 2023.
PVDF: E whitu ngā wā e piki haere ana te utu, he uaua ki te whakakī i te āputa tuku
I te mea kei te wera haere tonu te mākete o raro, kei te piki haere tonu te rerekētanga o te tuku me te tono mō te pākahiko lithium PVDF, ā, kua nui rawa te kaha whakaputa o ngā rauemi mata R142B, ā, he nui rawa te tuku o te mākete. Kua piki te utu mākete mō te pākahiko lithium PVDF ki te 700,000 yuan/tana, tata ki te 7 ngā wā i whakaritea ki te utu o te tīmatanga o te tau 2021.
Nā te iti o te kaha whakaputa PVDF o ngā pākahiko lithium i Haina, ā, kāore e taea te huri i te kaha whakaputa PVDF noa ki te PVDF taumata pākahiko lithium i roto i te wā poto, ka tino whakahaerehia te hanganga o ngā rauemi mata R142B, ā, ka puhoi te whakawhānui, ka hua ake te puhoi o te tukunga o te kaha whakaputa PVDF pākahiko lithium ā-rohe. He uaua ki te whakakī i tēnei. I te pikinga ake o ngā hoko o ngā waka hiko hou i te haurua tuarua o te tau, e matapaetia ana ka mau tonu te mākete PVDF i te tau 2022 i tētahi āhua nui o te oranga, ka tautoko i ngā utu PVDF, ā, ka āwhina i ngā kamupene PVDF ki te whakapiki ake i ā rātou mahi ā-tau.
PVP: Ka whakaroahia te rā tuku o ētahi hua ki te marama o Hānuere
I raro i te pēhanga o ngā pakanga ā-whenua me te raruraru pūngao, kua heke te kaha whakaputa o ngā kamupene matū nunui o Ūropi, kua piki ake ngā tono mō ngā kamupene o roto, ā, i kī ngā tāngata e tika ana mai i ngā kaihanga PVP o roto "he nui ngā hua e pā ana ki te PVP a te kamupene, ā, kua whakaritea te wā tuku o ētahi hua tae noa ki te tau e tū mai nei, arā, ko Hānuere."
E ai ki ngā puna kōrero e pā ana ki tētahi kaihanga PVP, kua tino heke te kaha whakaputa PVP o nāianei o ngā kaihanga Pākehā, ā, kua tīmata te maha o ngā ota o tāwāhi ki te huri ki ngā umanga o roto. I tēnei wā, e tata ana ki te 1000 tana o ngā hua PVP kei te kamupene, ā, kua whakaritea te tukunga o ētahi hua ki te mutunga o te tau, ki te marama o Hānuere rānei o te tau e tū mai nei.
Ahumahi photovoltaic: Puka tono tae noa ki te tau 2030
Kua hainatia e Daqo Energy tētahi Whakaaetanga Hoko me tētahi kiritaki. Kua whakaaetia i roto i te kirimana e tumanakohia ana kia hokona e te kiritaki he 148,800 tana o ngā poraka horoi kore utu taumata tuatahi o Sun mai i Daqo Energy mai i Hanuere 2023 ki Tīhema 2027, ā, ko te moni hoko e matapaetia ana he 45.086 piriona yuan. Mai i te tau 2022, kua hainatia e Daqo Energy e waru ngā kirimana nui, tata ki te 370 piriona yuan te tapeke.
Kua hainatia e Longji Green Energy me āna apiti e iwa tētahi whakaaetanga hoko roa mō ngā rauemi polysilicon me te apiti o Daqo Energy, Inner Mongolia Daqo New Energy. E ai ki te whakaaetanga, ko te nui o ngā rauemi polysilicon i waenga i ngā taha e rua mai i Mei 2023 ki Tīhema 2027 he 25.128 miriona tana. Ko te tapeke o tēnei kirimana he tata ki te 67.156 piriona yuan.
Kua hainatia e Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., LTD., he apiti katoa nō Shuangliang Energy Saving Co., Ltd. te Kirimana Hoko me te Tuku Polysilicon me ngā rōpū e tika ana. Kua whakaaetia i roto i tēnei kirimana e matapaetia ana ka hokona e Shuangliang Silicon Materials (Baotou) Co., Ltd. he 155,300 tana o ngā rauemi polysilicon mai i te tau 2022 ki te 2027, me te moni hoko e matapaetia ana he RMB 47.056 piriona.
I tēnei wā, kei te whakaatu tonu te umanga photovoltaic o Haina i tētahi ia whanaketanga pai. I ngā hauwhā tuatahi e toru, kua neke atu i te 100% te tere tipu o te umanga photovoltaic, ā, kua neke atu i te 40 piriona tāra US te kaweake o te umanga photovoltaic, me te tipu tau-ki-te-tau tata ki te 100%. Mai i te tīmatanga o tēnei tau, he maha ngā kamupene silicon kua rārangihia kua pānuitia ngā panuitanga kirimana nui, ā, kua hainatia e rātou neke atu i te 10 ngā ota hoko silicon wā-roa, ko te rahi katoa neke atu i te 3 miriona tana, ā, ko te nui neke atu i te 800 piriona yuan. Tata ki te 92% o te putanga o te umanga silicon i te tau 2022 kua herea e ngā umanga o raro, ā, kua hainatia ētahi kirimana wā-roa tae noa ki te tau 2030.
E matapaetia ana ka puta ake ngā ara hou pēnei i ngā rauemi hou me te whakaoranga o te tono i te tau 2023.
I tēnei wā, kei te neke te umanga matū mai i te hanga nui ki te hanga kounga teitei. Kua puta ake ngā rauemi hou he iti te tere o te urunga ki roto i ngā umanga Haina, ā, kua tere ake ngā rauemi hou pēnei i ngā rauemi silicon, te pākahiko lithium, te POE, me ngā rauemi hou. I taua wā anō, ka āta whakatuwherahia te tono i raro iho. Kua ngoikore haere te pānga o te mate urutā i te tau 2023, ā, e matapaetia ana ka tere ake te tono i ngā whai wāhitanga haumi o te ara hou.
I tēnei wā, kua heke ngā utu o ngā matū nui, ā, kei te awhe raro rawa. I te 2 o Hakihea, i kati te Taupū Utu Hua Matū Hainamana (CCPI) ki te 4,819 ngā tohu, he hekenga 7.86% mai i te 5230 ngā tohu i te tīmatanga o tēnei tau.
E whakapono ana mātou ka tipu haere tonu te ōhanga o te ao i te tau 2023, inā koa ka tīmata te ōhanga ā-rohe i tētahi wāhanga hou o te whakaoranga. Ka tutuki i te kaiārahi ahumahi te tipu o te mahi i te wā o te whakatikatika tono. Hei tāpiri, kua pakū ake ngā ara hou pēnei i ngā rauemi hou me te whakaoranga tono. Whakatereterehia te tukunga. Mō te tau 2023, ka arotahi mātou ki ngā kāwai hua e toru:
(1) Koiora Hanga: I roto i te papamuri o te kore waro, tera pea ka pāngia ngā rauemi e ahu mai ana i ngā pūmua tawhito e te pānga kino, ka puta he huringa nui me te mahi pai me ngā painga utu. I roto i ngā tono nui i roto i ētahi atu mara, ko te koiora hanga, hei huarahi whakaputa hou, e tumanakohia ana ka puta he wā whakamiharo, ā, e tumanakohia ana ka puare haere te hiahia o te mākete.
(2) Ngā rauemi hou: Ko te hiranga o te haumaru o te mekameka tuku matū e whakaatu ana i te whakatūnga o tētahi pūnaha ahumahi motuhake me te whakahaere, e matapaetia ana ka tere ake te whakatutukitanga o ngā whakakapinga ā-whare i ētahi rauemi hou, pērā i te tātari me te whakakorikori ngota mahi-teitei, ngā rauemi mimiti konumohe, ngā aerogel, ngā rauemi paninga hiko kino me ētahi atu rauemi hou ka piki haere te urunga me te wāhi mākete, e matapaetia ana ka tere ake te tipu o te ara rauemi hou.
(3) Te whakakitenga o te hiahia o ngā kaihoko me ngā rawa: Mā te tukunga mai a te kāwanatanga i ngā tohu hei whakangāwari i te mākete rawa me te arotau i te rautaki ārai me te whakahaere tika o te mate urutā, e tumanakohia ana ka whakatikatikaina te whakapainga iti o ngā kaupapa here rawa, te whai huatanga o te hokohoko me te mekameka rawa, ā, e tumanakohia ana ka whai hua ngā hua matū rawa me te mekameka kaihoko.
Wā tuku: Hakihea-20-2022