E rua, e toru rānei ngā tau e pau ana ngā taonga, ā, ka mutu te mahi a BASF, Covestro me ētahi atu wheketere nunui, ka whakaitihia hoki te mahi!
E ai ki ngā puna kōrero, kua heke haere te tuku o ngā rauemi mata matua e toru i Ūropi, tae atu ki te hau māori, te waro me te hinu mata, ā, kua tino pāngia te hiko me te whakaputanga. Kei te haere tonu ngā whiu me ngā pakanga a te EU, e matapaetia ana e Everbright Securities ka kore pea he taonga i Ūropi mō ngā tau e 2-3.
Hau māori: Kua motuhia te "Beixi-1" mō ake tonu atu, ā, kua kore te 1/5 o te hiko me te 1/3 o te wera i roto i te EU, ā, ka pā ki te mahi whakaputa a ngā umanga.
Waro: Te pānga o te pāmahana teitei, te whakaroa i te kawe waro i Ūropi, ka hua ake te korenga o te tuku hiko waro. Ko te whakaputa hiko waro te pūtake matua o te hiko mō Tiamana, he whenua matū nui i Ūropi, ka meinga te maha o ngā wheketere i Tiamana kia kore e mahi. Hei tāpiri, kua tino heke hoki te whakaputa hiko wai i Ūropi.
Hinu mata: Ko te hinu mata o Ūropi i ahu mai i Rūhia me Ukraine. I kī te taha Rūhia kua motuhia ngā putunga hiko katoa, i te mea kei te pukumahi te taha Uzbek ki te pakanga, ā, kua tino heke te putunga hiko.
E ai ki ngā raraunga mai i te mākete hiko o Nordic, ko te utu hiko teitei rawa atu i ngā whenua Pākehā i neke atu i te 600 euros i te marama o Ākuhata, ā, i eke ki tōna taumata teitei, he pikinga 500% i ia tau. Mā te pikinga o ngā utu whakaputa ka whakaitihia te whakaputanga e ngā wheketere Pākehā, ka piki ake hoki ngā utu, he wero nui tēnei ki te mākete matū.
Ngā mōhiohio mō te tapahi whakaputa nui:
▶Kua tīmata a BASF ki te hoko haukini hei utu mō te hanga hei whakaiti i te whakapaunga hau i tana tipu i Ludwigshafen, tera pea ka pāngia te kaha TDI 300,000 tana/tau.
▶Dunkirk Aluminium: Kua whakaitihia te hanga mā te 15%, ā, tera pea ka whakaitihia te hanga mā te 22% ā muri ake nei, nā te korenga o te hiko me te teitei o ngā utu hiko i Parani te nuinga.
▶Tapeke Pūngao: i kati i tana mīhini hanga keke French Feyzin 250,000 tana/tau mō te tiaki;
▶Covestro: tera pea ka tūpono ngā wheketere i Tiamana ki te kati i ngā whare hanga matū, tae atu ki te wheketere katoa;
▶Wanhua Chemical: Kua kati te waeine MDI 350,000-tana/tau me te waeine TDI 250,000-tana/tau i Hungary mō te tiaki mai i te marama o Hūrae o tēnei tau;
▶Alcoa: Ka tapahia te putanga o ngā mīhini whakarewa konumohe i Nōwei mā te hautoru.
Ngā mōhiohio mō te pikinga o te utu o ngā rauemi mata:
▶▶Ube Kosan Co., Ltd.: Mai i te 15 o Hepetema, ka piki ake te utu o te kapia PA6 a te kamupene mā te 80 yen/tana (tata ki te RMB 3882/tana).
▶▶Trinseo: i whakaputa i tētahi pānui whakapiki utu, e kī ana, mai i te 3 o Oketopa, ka whakapikihia te utu o ngā momo kapia PMMA katoa i Amerika Te Raki mā te 0.12 tāra US/pauna (tata ki te RMB 1834/tana) mēnā ka whakaaetia e te kirimana o nāianei.
▶▶DIC Co., Ltd.: Ka whakapiki ake te utu mō te kirihou e hangai ana ki te epoxy (ESBO) mai i te 19 o Hepetema. Ko ngā pikinga motuhake koia ēnei:
▶ Waka hinu 35 yen/kg (tata ki te RMB 1700/tēne);
▶ I roto i te kēne me te oko 40 yen/kg (tata ki te RMB 1943/tana).
▶▶I pānuitia e Denka Co., Ltd. te pikinga o te utu o te styrene monomer mā te 4 yen/kg (tata ki te RMB 194/tana)
▶ Kei te whanake haere tonu te umanga matū o te motu! Kia arotahi ki ēnei hua e 20!
Ko Ūropi te tuarua o ngā whenua whakaputa matū nui rawa atu o te ao i muri i a Haina. Nā te mea kua tīmata ngā kamupene matū nunui ki te whakaiti i te whakaputanga, me tūpato tātou ki te mōrearea o te korenga o ngā rauemi mata!
| Ingoa hua | Te tohatoha matua o te kaha whakaputa o Ūropi |
| Waikawa formic | BASF (200,000 tāne, Te Whare Ariki o Qing), Yizhuang (100,000 pō, Finn), BP (650,000 tāne, UK) |
| maroke te Ethyl acetate | Celanese (305,000, Frankfurt, Tiamana), Wacker Chemicals (200,000. Burg Kingsen o te Whare Ariki o Qing) |
| EVA | Belgium (369,000 tana), France (235,000 tana), Germany (750,000 tana), Spain (85,000 tana), Italy (43,000 tana), BASF (640,000 toa, Ludwig, Germany & Antwerp, Belgium) , Dow (350,000 tana, Germany Marr) |
| PA66 | BASF (110,000 tāne, Tiamana), Dow (60,000 tāne, Tiamana), INVISTA (60,000 tāne, Hōrana), Solvay (150,000 tāne, Wīwī/Tiamana/Pāniora) |
| MDI | Cheng Sichuang (600,000 tāne, Dexiang: 170,000 tāne, Pāniora), Ba Duangguang (650,000 tāne, Pānui o Belgian), Shishuangtong (470,000 tāne, Hōrana) Taoshi (190,000 tāne, Porowhita mahi: 200,000 tāne, Pōtikī), Wanhua Chemical (350,000 tāne, matau Yuli) |
| TDI | BASF (300,000 tons, Germany), Covestro (300,000 tons, Dezhao), Wanhua Chemical (250,000 tons, Goyali) |
| VA | Tīhiera (07,500 tāne, Pōtikī), Bath (6,000, Tiamana Lujingyanxi), Adisseo (5,000, Wīwī) |
| VE | DSM (30,000 tāne, Huiterangi), BASF (2. Ludwig) |
E whakaatu ana ngā mōhiohio a Longzhong: i te tau 2022, ka neke atu i te 20% te kaha whakaputa matū o Ūropi o te ao: octanol, phenol, acetone, TDI, MDI, propylene oxide, VA, VE, methionine, monoammonium phosphate, me te silicone.
▶Huaora: Ko ngā umanga whakaputa huaora o te ao kei Ūropi me Haina te nuinga. Mēnā ka heke te kaha whakaputa o Ūropi, ā, ka huri te tono huaora ki Haina, ka puta he pikinga nui mō te whakaputa huaora o te kāinga.
▶Polyurethane: Ko te MDI me te TDI o Ūropi e 1/4 o te kaha whakaputa o te ao. Ko te motumotu o te tuku hau māori ka meinga ngā kamupene kia ngaro, kia whakaiti rānei i te whakaputanga. I te marama o Ākuhata 2022, ko te kaha whakaputa MDI o Ūropi he 2.28 miriona tana/tau, e 23.3% o te katoa o te ao. TDI Ko te kaha whakaputa he tata ki te 850,000 tana ia tau, e 24.3% o te kaha whakaputa o te ao ia marama.
Kei roto i ngā ringaringa o ngā kamupene rongonui o te ao pērā i a BASF, Huntsman, Covestro, Dow, Wanhua-BorsodChem, me ētahi atu te kaha whakaputa MDI me TDI. I tēnei wā, ko te pikinga nui o te utu o te hau māori me ngā rauemi mata matū e pā ana ki raro ka piki ake te utu hanga o MDI me TDI i Ūropi, ā, kua mutu hoki te hanga o Juli Chemical Yantai Base, Gansu Yinguang, Liaoning Lianshi Chemical Industry, me Wanhua Fujian Base. Nā te āhua tiaki, ko te kaha taraiwa noa o te whare he iti iho i te 80%, ā, tera pea he wāhi nui mō te tipu o ngā utu MDI me TDI o te ao.
▶Methionine: Ko te kaha whakaputa o te methionine i Ūropi e tata ana ki te 30%, ko te nuinga kei roto i ngā wheketere pēnei i a Evonik, Adisseo, Novus, me Sumitomo. I te tau 2020, ka eke te wāhi mākete o ngā umanga whakaputa matua e whā ki te 80%, he tino teitei te kukū o te ahumahi, ā, he iti te tere whakahaere whānui. Ko ngā kaihanga matua o te motu ko Adisseo, Xinhecheng me Ningxia Ziguang. I tēnei wā, ko te kaha whakaputa o te methionine kei te hangaia kei te nuinga kei Haina, ā, kei te haere tonu te tere o te whakakapinga o te methionine ki te motu i tōku whenua.
▶Te waikura propylene: I te marama o Ākuhata 2022, ko tō tātou whenua te kaihanga nui rawa atu o te waikura propylene o te ao, e 30% te nui o te kaha whakaputa, ko te kaha whakaputa o te waikura propylene i Ūropi e 25% te nui. Mena ka heke te whakaputanga, ka whakatārewatia rānei te waikura propylene i roto i ngā kaihanga Ūropi, ka pā nui anō hoki ki te utu kawemai o te waikura propylene i tōku whenua, ā, e matapaetia ana ka piki ake te utu whānui o te waikura propylene i tōku whenua mā roto i ngā hua kawemai.
Ko te āhuatanga o ngā hua e pā ana ki Ūropi tēnei. He whai wāhitanga, he wero hoki!
Wā tuku: Whiringa-ā-rangi 11-2022